Article 39A of the Constitution of India: It provides that the State shall ensure that the functioning of the legal system promotes justice based on equality of opportunity and, in particular, shall provide free legal aid through appropriate laws or systems or otherwise, in order to ensure that a citizen is not denied the opportunity to obtain justice on account of economic or other disability. Every person who is required to commence or defend a case is entitled to legal services under this Act if he/she: Training of volunteer paralegals and their participation in the offices of legal aid institutions and legal aid clinics at the village level has begun. Section 12 of the Legal Services Authorities Act 1987 sets out the criteria for the provision of legal services to authorised persons. Articles 14 and 22, paragraph 1, also oblige the State to ensure equality before the law and a legal system that promotes justice based on equal opportunity for all. In 1980, a committee was formed at the national level to oversee and supervise legal aid programmes throughout the country under the chairmanship of the Honourable Justice of the Supreme Court of India. The Indian Legal Service, a channel for appointing lawyers to the central government, is an all-India service that has been in existence since 1956. Its employees are generally appointed through a selection test conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC). However, the exam is only open to people with more than 10 years of legal experience as lawyers or bailiffs — not new law graduates, ministry officials said. The ministry has submitted a proposal to open the UPSC exam to new law graduates for selection as ILS officers, officials said, adding that it is consulting with the Ministry of Human Resources and Training on the issue. ILS officers are typically appointed at different levels, beginning with the rank of Undersecretary of State in various departments and wings of the Department of Justice. The three main departments of the Ministry of Justice are the Legal Department, the Legislative Department and the Ministry of Justice. While the Legal Department is responsible for providing legal advice to the Government and its ministries on various matters, the Legislative Department drafts bills that are monitored by various ministries. The Ministry of Justice deals with matters relating to appointments to the senior judiciary.
The Ministry of Justice also reports to the Law Commission of India to conduct legal research and assess the need to amend or update various laws. Officer positions in these departments are filled by ILS officers, most of whom are appointed by the UPSC, but often the officers are also taken over by other departments. Similarly, ILS officials are also appointed as advocates in the ministry`s central authorities to the Supreme Court of India and Supreme Courts across the country, working on behalf of the central government. But new law graduates lack these opportunities and have virtually no direct opening for jobs in the central government. It also provides funds and grants to State legal service agencies and NGOs for the implementation of legal aid programmes and programmes. —It also distributes funds and grants to public legal aid agencies and not-for-profit organizations to help them implement legal aid systems and initiatives. 2. It issues guidelines to Crown legal services for implementing legal programs and programs across the country.
Since 1952, the Indian government has also addressed the issue of legal aid for the poor in various conferences of justice ministers and legal commissions. It oversees and reviews various legal aid programmes. It contains rules and principles for legal services within the framework of the Act. 1. Its objective is to provide free and competent legal services to the weaker sections of society on the basis of equal opportunities. The programme integrates the use of technology and the development of contextualised information, education and communication (IEC) materials in regional/local dialects to support its intervention and facilitate access to legal services for the poor and most vulnerable sections of society. In 1960, the government established guidelines for legal aid plans. Legal aid clinics in all villages staffed by volunteer paralegals and roster lawyers. Legal assistance has been made available in most of the country`s courts of first instance to provide immediate legal assistance to prisoners who are unable to hire their own lawyer. —Nyaya Deep, NALSA`s official newsletter, promotes a healthy working relationship between legal advisors across the country and is extremely useful for exchanging views and ideas. The National Legal Services Authority is the governing body responsible for establishing guidelines and principles for the provision of legal services in accordance with the provisions of the law and for designing the most efficient and cost-effective systems for legal services.